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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Ways That Are Dark ： ウィキペディア英語版 Ways That Are Dark ''Ways That Are Dark: The Truth About China'' is a 1933 non-fiction book by Ralph Townsend which presents Townsend's observations on the state of then-contemporary China. The book is considered an anti-Chinese polemic. A harsh critique of Chinese society and culture, ''Ways That Are Dark'' was written at a time when China was in the grip of considerable civil strife. Townsend claimed that the source of China's problems lay in fundamental defects in the ethnic characteristics of the Chinese people. Although the book was a bestseller in the United States, it met with highly polarized reactions from its supporters and detractors. Though praised by some periodicals, it was denounced by missionaries and sinologists, including Owen Lattimore who condemned it as "a general indictment of a whole race". It was banned by the government of China. After World War II, the book fell into obscurity. It was reprinted in 1997 by the white supremacist group Barnes Review and subsequently gained renewed popularity in Japan in 2004 when a Japanese translation was published. ==Background== ''Ways That Are Dark'' is based on its author's experience of living in China for more than one year. Townsend had worked as a journalist and educator in New York before joining the United States Foreign Service on 16 December 1930.〔Edward Martell et al., ''Who Was Who Among English and European Authors, 1931-1949'' (Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1978), 1411.〕〔The Department of State, ''Foreign Service List 1932'' (Washington DC: United States Government Printing Office, 1932), 62, 79.〕 He served as a vice-consul in Shanghai between 10 December 1931 and 9 January 1932 and then in Fuzhou until 1 March 1933.〔〔"Consulates Will Close," ''New York Times'', 5 February 1933, N1.〕 The book was released on 10 November 1933 by G. P. Putnam's Sons.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ways That Are Dark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.